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TL1431
Programmable voltage reference
Features

Adjustable output voltage: VREF to 36 V Sink current capability: 1 to 100 mA Typical output impedance: 0.22 0.4% and 0.25% voltage precision
Description
The TL1431 is a programmable shunt voltage reference with guaranteed temperature stability over the entire operating temperature range. The output voltage may be set to any value between 2.5 V and 36 V with two external resistors. The TL1431 operates with a wide current range from 1 to 100 mA with a typical dynamic impedance of 0.2 . Z TO92 (Plastic package)
D SO-8 (Batwing plastic micropackage)
March 2008
Rev 4
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www.st.com 16
Schematic diagrams
TL1431
1
Schematic diagrams
Figure 1. TO92 pin connections (top view)
Cathode Anode Reference
1 2 3
Figure 2.
SO-8 pin connections (top view)
8 7 6 5
1 - Cathode 2 - Anode 3 - Anode 4 - N.C. 5 - N.C. 6 - Anode 7 - Anode 8 - Reference
1 2 3 4
Figure 3.
TL1431 block diagram
Cathode Vref + Vref Anode
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TL1431
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
2
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
Table 1.
Symbol VKA Ik Iref Tj Pd Tstg
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter Cathode to anode voltage Continuous cathode current range Reference input current range Junction temperature Power dissipation TO92 SO-8 batwing
(1)
Value 37 -100 to +150 -0.05 to +10 +150 625 960 -65 to +150 2000 200 1500
Unit V mA mA C mW C
Storage temperature range HBM: human body model (2)
ESD
MM: machine model
(3) (4)
V
CDM: charged device model
1. Calculated with Tj=+150C and Tamb=+25C with relative Rthja depending on the package. 2. Human body model: A 100 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5 k resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: A 200 pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5 ). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 4. Charged device model: all pins and the package are charged together to the specified voltage and then discharged directly to the ground through only one pin. This is done for all pins.
Table 2.
Symbol VKA Ik Toper
Operating conditions
Parameter Cathode to anode voltage Cathode current Operating free-air temperature range TL1431C/AC TL1431I/AI Thermal resistance junction to ambient SO-8 batwing TO92 Value Vref to 36 1 to 100 -20 to +70 -40 to +105 130 200 Unit V mA C
Rthja
C/W
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Electrical characteristics
TL1431
3
Table 3.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics
Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
TL1431C Parameter Min. Vref Reference input voltage - see Figure 4 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) - see Figure 4 VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage(2) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage - see Figure 5 Ik = 10mA - VKA = 36V to 3V Reference input current , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference input current deviation over temperature range , , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Minimum cathode current for regulation - Figure 4 VKA = Vref Off-state cathode current - see Figure 6 Dynamic impedance VKA = Vref , Ik = 1 to100mA, f 1kHz
(3)
TL1431AC Unit Max. Min. Typ. Max. V
Typ.
2.490 2.500 2.510 2.493 2.500 2.507
Vref Vref --------------T
3
20
3
20
mV
13
90
13
90
ppm/C
Vref --------------Vka
-2
-1.1
-2
-1.1
mV/V
Iref
1.5
2.5 3 1.2
1.5
2.5 3 1.2
A
Iref
0.2
0.2
A
Imin Ioff ZKA
0.5 180 0.2
1 500 0.5
0.5 180 0.2
0.6 500 0.5
mA nA
1. See Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9. 2. See Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9. 3. See Dynamic impedance in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9.
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TL1431 Table 4.
Symbol
Electrical characteristics Tamb = 25C (unless otherwise specified)
TL1431I Parameter Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. V Reference input voltage - see Figure 4 VKA = Vref , Ik = 10 mA Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range (1) - see Figure 4 VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage(2) VKA = Vref, Ik = 10 mA, Tmin Tamb Tmax Ratio of change in reference input voltage to change in cathode to anode voltage - see Figure 5 Ik = 10mA - VKA = 36V to 3V Reference input current , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Reference input current deviation over temperature range , , Ik = 10mA, R1 = 10k R2 = Tmin Tamb Tmax Minimum cathode current for regulation - see Figure 4 VKA = Vref Off-state cathode current - see Figure 6 Dynamic impedance (3) VKA = Vref , Ik= 1 to100mA, f 1kHz TL1431AI Unit
Vref
2.490 2.500 2.510 2.493 2.500 2.507
Vref Vref --------------T
7
30
7
30
mV
22
100
22
100 ppm/C
Vref --------------Vka
-2
-1.1
-2
-1.1
mV/V
Iref
1.5
2.5 3 1
1.5
2.5 3 1.2
A
Iref
0.5
0.8
A
Imin Ioff ZKA
0.5 180 0.2
1 500 0.5
0.5 180 0.2
0.7 500 0.5
mA nA
1. See Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9. 2. See Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9.
3. See Dynamic impedance in Section 4: Parameter definitions on page 9.
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Electrical characteristics
TL1431
Figure 4.
Test circuit for VKA = VREF
Figure 5.
Input
Test circuit for VKA = VREF
R IK Output
Input
R IK=10mA
Output
R1 IREF
VKA
VKA VREF
R2
VREF
R1 VKA = VREF ( 1 + ------- ) + R1 x IREF R2
Figure 6.
Test circuit for IOFF
Figure 7.
Test circuit for phase margin and voltage gain
10F
VKA=36V
IK=10mA
IOFF
10F
15k 8.25k
Output
Input
VREF
Figure 8.
Test circuit for response time
Figure 9.
2.500 2.498 2.496 2.494 2.492 2.490 2.488 2.486 -40
Reference voltage vs. temperature
IK=1mA
1 mA 0 mA
Reference voltage (V)
Output
IK=10 mA VKA=VREF=2.5 V See figure 1
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
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TL1431
Electrical characteristics
Figure 10. Reference voltage vs. cathode current
3
Figure 11. Reference voltage vs. cathode current
3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5
Reference voltage (V)
2
1
VKA=VREF See figure 1
Reference voltage (V)
VKA=VREF See figure 1
0
-1 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Cathode current (mA)
Cathode current (mA)
Figure 12. Reference current vs. temperature
2.0
Figure 13. Off-state cathode current vs. temperature
0.10
0.08 1.5 IREF (A) IOFF (A) 0.06
VKA = 36V See figure 3
1.0
0.04
0.5
IK=10 mA VKA=VREF See figure 1
0.02
0.0 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0.00 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
Temperature(C)
Figure 14. Ratio of change in VREF to change in VKA vs. temperature
0.0
Figure 15. Drift of RKA vs. temperature
0.00
VREF / VKA (mV / V)
-0.5
IK=10 mA VKA=VREF See figure 2
RKA ()
-0.01
IK=10 mA VKA=VREF= 2.5V see figure 1
-1.0
-0.02
-1.5
-0.03
-2.0 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
-0.04 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
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Electrical characteristics
TL1431
Figure 16. Maximum operating current vs. temperature
0.52 0.50
Figure 17. Gain and phase vs. frequency
60 Gain 40 IK=10 mA See figure 4
200 150 100
0.48 IMIN (mA) 0.46 0.44
-100 -20
IK=IMIN VKA=VREF See figure 1
Gain (dB)
20
Phase
50
Phase ()
0 0 -50
0.42 0.40 -40
-40 1 10 100 Frequency (kHz) 1000
-150 -200 10000
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
Figure 18. Stability behavior with capacitive loads
100
Figure 19. Maximum power dissipation
VKA=VREF
Cathode current (mA)
Cathode current (mA)
100 TAMB= +25C SO8 Batwing
80
VKA=5V
60 Stable Area
Instable Area
Stable Area
80
60 TO92 40 Safe Area
VKA=12V VKA=24V
40
20
20
0 1E-10
0
1E-9
1E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
10
20 Cathode voltage (V)
30
Capacitive Load (F)
Figure 20. Pulse response for IK = 1 mA
6
Current step: 1 mA
Voltage (V)
4
TAMB=+25C See figure 6 Output voltage
2
0 0 1 2 Time (s) 3 4 5
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TL1431
Parameter definitions
4
Parameter definitions
Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range
Vref is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the full temperature range. Vref = Vref max. - Vref min.
Figure 21. Reference input voltage deviation over temperature range
V ref max.
V ref min. T1 T2 Temperature
Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage
The temperature coefficient is defined as the slopes (positive and negative) of the voltage versus temperature limits within which the reference is guaranteed. Figure 22. Temperature coefficient of reference input voltage
-n p
Max 2.5V min
pm
/C
p +n p
m/
C
Temperature 25C
Dynamic impedance
KA The dynamic impedance is defined as | ZKA| = --------------I K
V
9/16
Package information
TL1431
5
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com.
10/16
TL1431
Package information
5.1
SO-8 batwing package information
Figure 23. SO-8 batwing package mechanical drawing
Table 5.
SO-8 batwing package mechanical data
Dimensions
Ref. Min.
Millimeters Typ. Max. Min.
Inches Typ. Max.
A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e h L k ccc 0.25 0.40 1 0.10 1.25 0.28 0.17 4.80 5.80 3.80 4.90 6.00 3.90 1.27
1.75 0.25 0.004 0.049 0.48 0.23 5.00 6.20 4.00 0.011 0.007 0.189 0.228 0.150 0.193 0.236 0.154 0.050 0.50 1.27 8 0.10 0.010 0.016 1
0.069 0.010
0.019 0.010 0.197 0.244 0.157
0.020 0.050 8 0.004
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Package information
TL1431
5.2
TO92 (ammopack and tape and reel) package information
Figure 24. TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical drawing
A1 P P T H
d
A
H1
H0
H
I1
W2 W1 W W0
L1
D0
F1 F2 P2 P0
Table 6.
Dim.
TO-92 ammopack and tape and reel package mechanical data
Millimeters Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max.
AL A T d I1 P PO P2 F1/F2
h P
5.0 5.0 4.0 0.45 2.5 11.7 12.4 5.95 2.4 -1 -1 17.5 5.7 8.5 12.7 12.7 6.35 2.5 0 0 18.0 6 9 13.7 13 6.75 2.8 1 1 19.0 6.3 9.75 0.5 20 15.5 16 16.5 25 3.8 4.0 4.2 11 0.150 0.157 0.610 0.630 0.098 0.461 0.488 0.234 0.094 -0.039 -0.039 0.689 0.224 0.335 0.500 0.500 0.250 0.098 0 0 0.709 0.236 0.354 0.018
0.197 0.197 0.157
0.539 0.512 0.266 0.110 0.039 0.039 0.748 0.248 0.384 0.020 0.787 0.650 0.984 0.165 0.433
W W0 W1 W2 H H0 H1 DO L1
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TL1431
Package information
5.3
TO92 (bulk) package information
Figure 25. TO-92 bulk package mechanical drawing
Table 7.
Dim.
TO-92 bulk package mechanical data
Millimeters Min Typ. Max. Min. Inches Typ. Max.
L B O1 C K O2 a 3.2 4.45 4.58 12.7 0.407 0.35
1.27 3.7 5.00 5.03 4.2 5.2 5.33 0.126 0.1752 0.1803 0.5 0.5 0.508 0.016 0.0138
0.05 0.1457 0.1969 0.198 0.1654 0.2047 0.2098
0.0197
0.02
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Ordering information
TL1431
6
Ordering information
Table 8. Order codes
Temperature range Package Packing Marking
Order code
TL1431CD TL1431CDT SO-8 TL1431ACD TL1431ACDT TL1431CZ TL1431CZT TL1431CZ-AP TL1431ACZ TL1431ACZT TL1431ACZ-AP TL1431ID TL1431IDT SO-8 TL1431AID TL1431AIDT TL1431IZ TL1431ZT TL1431IZ-AP TL1431AIZ TL1431AIZT TL1431AIZ-AP TL1431IYD(1) TL1431IYDT(1) SO-8 (Automotive grade) -20C, +70C
1431C Tube or tape and reel 1431AC
TL1431C TO92 Bulk or Tape or Ammopack TL1431AC
1431I Tube or tape and reel 1431AI
-40C, + 105C TO92
TL1431I Bulk or Tape or Ammopack TL1431AI
Tube or tape and reel
1431IY
1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 and Q 002 or equivalent are on-going.
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TL1431
Revision history
7
Revision history
Table 9.
Date
Document revision history
Revision Changes
01-Mar-2002 01-Nov-2005
1 2
Initial release. PPAP references inserted in the datasheet seeTable 8: Order codes on page 14. Minimum value for temperature range updated in Table 2: Operating conditions. Vref --------------Minimum values added and maximum values deleted for Vka parameter in Table 4 in Section 3: Electrical characteristics. Package information for TO92 tape and reel updated, see Section 5: Package information. Format update. Corrected SO-8 package mechanical data. Corrected footnote for automotive grade order codes in order code table. Corrected packing information for TO92 devices in order code table.
25-Apr-2007
3
11-Mar-2008
4
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TL1431
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